Each of our connections has two surfaces that fit together like a lock to a lock. All bulges on one articular surface correspond to indentations on the other. Incidentally such a surface has a medical name - congruent. From above, the ends of the bones that make up the joints are covered with cartilage for better gliding. Articular bags, ligaments and muscles protect the joints. With arthrosis, one of the most common diseases of the joints, cartilage and bone surfaces is destroyed. At the same time, little is produced special joint fluid, which ensures smooth movement, the ends of the bones unite and begin to rub against each other, bringing pain and discomfort to its owner. Meanwhile, with arthrosis, there is officially no inflammation in the joint, which distinguishes it from arthritis.
Why hip arthrosis occurs: age
Disasters like arthrosis can happen to any joint in our body. Defeat is one -way and two -way. Age, overweight, injuries, flat feet, spinal scoliosis, arthritis, joint displacement, excessive load on it, but at the same time, an inactive lifestyle contributes to the appearance of the disease. Joints are made to move! Meanwhile, upright posture is prone to arthrosis of the human hip joint. In animals, such diseases do not occur, in which the load on the joints is distributed more evenly.
The hip joint is the second in terms of range of motion after the shoulder joint. And indeed, usually, we can move the foot forward and backward, outward and inward, as well as rotational movements. These joints carry very high loads. It consists of the head of the femur and a socket on the pelvic bone. Osteoarthritis of this joint is medically known as coxarthrosis. A large number of people suffer from this disease. Women are more often ill, and, of course, the peak of the disease occurs after the age of 40 years. In 70% of cases, this is due to natural wear on the joints, impaired blood supply and metabolism in them.
Signs of joint damage: pain when walking and resting
The first symptom of hip arthrosis is pain in the groin when climbing stairs. There may be no pain while descending the stairs. Later, the pain may begin to spread to the knee. Some of the various movements in the joints will be limited. For example, lifting the leg, that is, bending it at the hips, can be painful, but taking the leg back is not. Turning the foot inwards is painful, and moving it to the side is also painful, but acceptable. Often can not kneel because this movement also involves the hip joint. And restrictions in mobility arise not only because of pain, but also because of changes in the joint itself.
Due to the fact that the hip joint is involved in walking, running and various other movements, its defeat imposes social restrictions on the patient. And with third -degree arthrosis, the pain is already bothersome not only during movement, but also during rest, in particular, they do not let you sleep at night. It's hard to get upside down in bed. And sometimes the pain is so strong that it forces the patient to constantly take painkillers, which in themselves are not always harmless. Therefore, frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can lead to the formation or exacerbation of stomach ulcers.
Treatment of arthrosis: arthroplasty
Many years ago, when modern surgery with prosthetics was not yet available, surgeons still operated on patients with coxarthrosis. At the same time, the purpose of surgery is not the treatment of arthrosis, but complete immobilization of the joint. After recovering from this difficult surgical intervention, the patient walked, dragging his feet. Many movements were inaccessible to him, but at least they were not tormented by pain. And then artificial hip joints were created, and it became possible to help such patients completely - with new joints, they could walk without pain and perform other movements, no different from healthy people. So, an 80-year-old patient, had undergone arthroplasty of both hip joints, then came to the doctor with the question "Can I ski? ".
Today, surgery for coxarthrosis is a well -established production. Such treatment of arthrosis of the hip joint is available to many people, including very old people, unless, of course, there are no contraindications to life, such as severe heart disease, lung and other organs. What is the essence of the operation? We had joints that were completely dysfunctional, the cartilage layers were worn out, everything was too big and not moving.
How is osteoarthritis surgery performed?
Next, you need to understand how the femur is arranged: it has a head that enters the joint, and a trochanter, to which many of the muscles that move the leg are attached. It is a skewer that we feel through the skin. So, during surgery, the bone head is removed, and the trochanter is left. Cartilage remnants are also removed from cavities in the pelvic bone. The artificial head of the joint is placed in place. The head "sits" on a metal rod, which is attached to the femur. An incision is made in the inguinal region, only 7-8 cm long.
On the first day after surgery, the patients were awakened, on the third day they had to walk. And within one to two months, these patients fully recover the range of motion in the joint. Of course, after the treatment of such arthrosis, a specific motor regimen is required, which contributes to recovery. But this is the concern of doctors - to give efficient advice, to teach how to use the words of this new technology in the body itself.
Dentures are made of a lightweight and durable material, which makes them durable. There are different prostheses. The doctor chooses the optimal one based on the person's age, further "demands" for movement and other factors. And in our country, many of these operations are performed entirely for free. You have to wait in line for some time, but half a year is not a dozen years! And endoprosthetics will be done. Today, thanks to advances in medicine, with coxarthrosis, you can get rid of pain and lead an active lifestyle. The main thing is to see a doctor in time, because the more advanced arthrosis of the hip joint, the more difficult it is to treat patients, even with the help of modern technology.